Post by Stingray on Feb 7, 2008 20:45:13 GMT -4
Mil Mi-24 "Crocodile", "flying tank", (NATO "Hind")
1969
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www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/mi-24.php
The Mi-24, which has the NATO reporting name 'Hind', was developed during the mid-1960s to provide a multi-role military helicopter-of formidable capability. It appears to be evolved from, the Mil Mi-8/Mi-14 family, but a combination of reduced size and increased power gives this aircraft improved manoeuvrability and performance. While of the same basic configuration as its predecessors, and with a dynamic system based on that of the Mi-8, the Mi-24 has a more slender fuselage suitable for the gunship role, but with sufficient capability to accommodate a crew of four and a maximum of eight armed troops. The tricycle landing gear has retractable main units and a semi-retractable nose unit. Short-span cantilever shoulder wings with considerable anhedral are a distinguishing feature, and each provides mountings for a variety of weapons. Entering service in 1973-74 and deployed initially in East Germany, the Mi-24 has developed during military exercises into variants for armed assault, for anti-armour use, and for use as a helicopter escort, well able to oppose enemy helicopters in air-to-air combat. About 1,500 'Hinds', in production since the early 1970s, are currently in service with CIS forces. The type saw much action in Afghanistan, used as the proving ground for many operational improvements to the 'Hind'. The type was also used in the Iraq/Iran war of the early 1980s. The Mi-24 has been widely exported and a number are in service on most continents, with examples delivered to, or operating in, Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bulgaria, Chad, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, India, Iraq, Libya, Mozambique, Nicaragua, North Korea, Peru, Poland, Sri Lanka, Syria, Vietnam and Yemen. Production continues at a low rate and by 1991 more than 2,300 had been built. FAI records set by the A-1O experimental variant of the 'Hind' gave some indication of the type's capabilities, as when on 2 September 1978 over a 15/25km course it achieved a speed of 368.4km/h.
VARIANTS
Mi-24 'Hind': early production version, reported in 1972 but not seen until 1973; introduced into Soviet service in 1973/74
Mi-24 'Hind-A': second production model, with tail rotor moved from the starboard to port side of the tailfin; used as armed assault helicopter, carrying eight troops and three crew members
Mi-24'Hind-B': initial production model with tail rotor on starboard side, wings without anhedral, no wingtip stations and only four underwing hardpoints; test use only
Mi-24 'Hind-C': dedicated training helicopter similar to 'Hind-A', but without nose-gun installation and wingtip stations
Mi-24D 'Hind-D': initial dedicated gunship variant; first reported around 1977, Mi-24D is basically a late production 'Hind-A' with revised forward fuselage containing separate cockpits for pilot and gunner, the latter controlling a single 12.7mm turret-mounted machine-gun and pylon-mounted AT-2 'Swatter' wire-guided ATMs; some versions had 23mm cannon in turret
Mi-24W 'Hind-E': improved version of 'Hind-D' gunship first reported in early 1980s; equipped with 12 AT-6 'Spiral' radio-guided ATMs mounted on stub wings together with AA-8 'Aphid' air-to-air missiles for self-defence
Mi-24P 'Hind-F': Mi-24P (P for pushka, cannon) version of gunship, appeared in 1982 fitted with 30-mm GSh-30-2 cannon in starboard uderfuselage nose pack which includes 750 rounds of ammunition
Mi-24R 'Hind-G 1': fitted with wingtip 'grapplers' or 'clutching hands' apparently used in connection with NBC technology, the Mi-24R was first reported in 1986 after the Chernobyl disaster
Mi-24K 'Hind-G 2': similar to Mi-24R but with large camera installed in cabin with lens on starboard side
Mi-25: export version of 'Hind-D'
Mi-35: export version of 'Hind-E'
Mi-35P: export version of 'Hind-F'
--D.Donald "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft", 1997
NATO reporting name: Hind
TYPE: Twin-turbine gunship helicopter, with transport capability.
PROGRAMME: Development began second half of 1960s, as first fire support helicopter in former USSR, with accommodation for eight armed troops; 12 prototypes built; first flight 19 September 1969; first reported in West 1972; photographs became available 1974, when two units of approximately squadron strength based in the former East Germany; reconfiguration of front fuselage changed primary role to gunship; new version first observed 1977; used operationally in Chad, Nicaragua, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), Angola, Afghanistan, Chechnya and Iran/Iraq war, when at least one Iranian F-4 Phantom II destroyed by AT-6 (NATO 'Spiral') anti-tank missile from Mi-24; low-rate production continued for export until 1994. Late models still available from Rostvertol.
VERSIONS
Mi-24A ('Hind-A, B and C'): Early versions with pilot and co-pilot/gunner in tandem under large-area continuous glazing; large flight deck; about 250 built.
Mi-24BMT: Modified 1973 for minesweeping.
Mi-24D: (Type 24-6; 'Hind-D'): Interim gunship version; design began 1971; entered production at Arsenyev and Rostov plants 1973; about 350 built 1973-77. Basically as late model 'Hind-A' with TV3-117 engines and port-side tail rotor, but entire front fuselage redesigned above floor forward of engine air intakes; heavily armoured separate cockpits for weapon operator and pilot in tandem; flight mechanic optional, in main cabin; transport capability retained; USUP-24 gun system, with rangefinding; undernose JakB-12.7 four-barrel 12.7mm machine gun in turret, slaved to adjacent KPS-53A electro-optical sighting pod, for air-to-air and air-to-surface use; Falanga P (Phalanx) anti-tank missile system; nosewheel leg extended to increase ground clearance of sensor pods; nosewheels semi-exposed when retracted.
Detailed description refers to Mi-24D, except where indicated.
Mi-24DU: Dual-control training version has no gun turret. (See also Mi-25.)
Mi-24K (korrektirovchik: corrector) ('Hind-G2'): As Mi-24R, but with large camera in cabin, f8/1,300mm lens on starboard side; six per helicopter regiment for reconnaissance and artillery fire correction; gun and B-8V-20 rocket pods retained. No target designator pod under nose; upward hingeing cover for IR sensor. About 150 built 1983-89.
Mi-24P (Type 24-3; 'Hind-F'): Development started 1974; about 620 built 1981-90; first shown in service in 1982 photographs; P of designation refers to pushka = cannon; as Mi-24V, but nose gun turret replaced by GSh-30-2 twin-barrel 30mm gun (with 750 rounds) in semi-cylindrical pack on starboard side of nose; bottom of nose smoothly faired above and forward of sensors.
Mi-24PS: Special version for Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs; prototype exhibited at Moscow Air Show '95. Equipment includes undernose FLIR, searchlight on port side, loadspeaker pack on starboard side; hoist, climbdown ropes, stations for radio operator.
Mi-24RKR ('Hind-G1'): Identified at Chernobyl after April 1986 accident at nuclear power station; no undernose electro-optical or RF missile guidance pods; instead of wingtip weapon mounts, has 'clutching hand' mechanisms on lengthened pylons, to obtain six soil samples per sortie for NBC (nuclear/biological/chemical) warfare analysis; air samples sucked in via pipe on port side, aft of doors; datalink to pass findings to ground; lozenge-shaped housing with exhaust pipe of air filtering system under port side of cabin; bubble window on starboard side of main cabin; small rearward-firing marker flare pack on tailskid; crew of four wear NBC suits; six helicopters are deployed per regiment throughout RFAS ground forces. Designation (also appearing as Mi-24RCh) indicates Razvedchik: reconnaissance/chemical. About 150 built 1983-89.
Mi-24RR: Derivative of Mi-24R for radiation reconnaissance.
Mi-24U: unarmed dual-control trainers (first flight 1972).
Mi-24V (Types 20-1 and 24-2; 'Hind-E'): As Mi-24D, but modified wingtip launchers and four underwing pylons; weapons include up to eight 9M114 (NATO AT-6 'Spiral') radio-guided tube-launched anti-tank missiles in pairs in Shturm V (Attack) missile system; ASP-17V enlarged undernose automatic missile guidance pod on port side, with fixed searchlight to rear; R-60 (K-60; NATO AA-8 'Aphid') air-to-air missiles optional on underwing pylons; pilot's HUD replaces former reflector gunsight. Deliveries to former Soviet Air Force began 29 March 1976; about 1,000 built at Arsenyev and Rostov 1976-86. (See also Mi-35.)
Mi-24VM: Proposed upgrade first shown in model form at Moscow Air Show '95.
Mi-24VP: Variant of Mi-24V with twin-barrel 23mm GSh-23 gun, with 450 rounds, in place of four-barrel 12.7mm gun in nose; photographed 1992; small production series built at Rostov.
Mi-24 Ecological Survey Version: Modification by Polyot industrial research organisation, to assess oil pollution on water and seasonal changes of water level. First seen 1991 with large flat sensor 'tongue' projecting from nose in place of gun turret; large rectangular sensor pod on outer starboard underwing pylon; unidentified modification replaces rear cabin window on starboard side.
Mi-25: Export Mi-24D, including those for Afghanistan, Cuba and India.
Mi-35: Export Mi-24V. Unarmed, dual-control trainer version also produced for India.
Mi-35M: Upgraded Mi-24/35 designed to meet the latest air mobility requirements of the Russian Army.
Mi-35M1: Upgrade of latest production standard of Mi-24VP.
Mi-35P: Export Mi-24P.
ATE 'Super Hind': Upgrade configuration proposed by South Africa's Advanced Technologies and Engineering. Derived from Denel/Kentron PZL W-3WB Huzar upgrade. Extended nose in front of cockpit with undernose Kentron IR/EO sight and 20mm chain gun, cheek fairing to port for ammunition feed, designator, improved displays, new night vision systems and provision for Denel/Kentron Ingwe or Mokopa ATMs. Prototype ZU-BOI rolled out at Grand Central Airport, Midrand, by 15 February 1999.
Tamam Mi-24 HMOSP: Israeli upgrade configuration. US$20 million contract placed for upgrade of 25 (possibly Indian) Mi-24s based on existing Helicopter Multimission Optronic Stabilised Payload System, with TV, FLIR and automatic target tracker, integrated with helmet sight, digital moving map, integrated DASS and a new mission planning system. Cockpits can be reorganised to put pilot in front, weapon operator in rear.
CUSTOMERS: More than 2,500 produced at Arsenyev and Rostov.
DESIGN FEATURES: Typical helicopter gunship configuration, with stepped tandem seating for two crew and heavy weapon load on stub-wings; fuselage unusually wide for role, due to requirement for carrying eight troops; dynamic components and power plant originally as Mi-8, but soon upgraded to Mi-17-type power plant and port-side tail rotor. Main rotor blade section NACA 230, thickness/chord ratio 11 to 12%; tail rotor blade section NACA 230M; stub-wing anhedral 12°, incidence 19°; wings contribute approximately 25% of lift in cruising flight; fin offset 3°.
STRUCTURE: Five-blade constant-chord main rotor; forged and machined steel head, with conventional flapping, drag and pitch change articulation; each blade has aluminium alloy spar, skin and honeycomb core; spars nitrogen pressurised for crack detection; hydraulic lead/lag dampers; balance tab on each blade; aluminium alloy three-blade tail rotor; main rotor brake; all-metal semi-monocoque fuselage pod and boom; 5mm hardened steel integral side armour on front fuselage; all-metal shoulder wings with no movable surfaces; swept fin/tail rotor mounting; variable incidence horizontal stabiliser.
LANDING GEAR: Tricycle type; rearward-retracting steerable twin-wheel nose unit; single-wheel main units with oleo-pneumatic shock-absorbers and low-pressure tyres, size 720 x 320mm on mainwheels, 480 x 200mm on nosewheels. Main units retract rearward and inward into aft end of fuselage pod, turning through 90° to stow almost vertically, discwise to longitudinal axis of fuselage, under prominent blister fairings. Tubular tripod skid assembly, with shock-strut, protects tail rotor in tail-down take-off or landing.
POWER PLANT: Two Klimov TV3-117MT turboshafts, each with maximum rating of 1,434kW, side by side above cabin, with output shafts driving rearward to main rotor shaft through combining gearbox. There is 5mm hardened steel armour protection for engines. Main fuel tank in fuselage to rear of cabin, with bag tanks behind main gearbox. Internal fuel capacity 1,500kg; can be supplemented by 1,000kg auxiliary tank in cabin (Mi-24D); provision for carrying (instead of auxiliary tank) up to four external tanks, each 500 litres, on two inner pylons under each wing. Optional deflectors and separators for foreign objects and dust in air intakes; and infra-red suppression exhaust mixer boxes over exhaust ducts.
ACCOMMODATION: Pilot (at rear) and weapon operator on armoured seats in tandem cockpits under individual canopies; dual flying controls, with retractable pedals in front cockpit; if required, flight mechanic on jump-seat in cabin, with narrow passage between flight deck and cabin. Front canopy hinged to open sideways to starboard; footstep under starboard side of fuselage for access to pilot's rearward-hinged door; rear seat raised to give pilot unobstructed forward view; anti-fragment shield between cockpits. Main cabin can accommodate eight persons on folding seats, or four stretchers; at front of cabin on each side is a door, divided horizontally into two sections, hinged to open upward and downward respectively, with integral step on lower portion. Optically flat bulletproof glass windscreen, with wiper, for each crew member.
SYSTEMS: Cockpits and cabin heated and ventilated. Dual electrical system, with three generators, giving 36, 115 and 208V AC at 400Hz, and 27V DC. Retractable landing/taxying light under nose; navigation lights; anti-collision light above tailboom. Stability augmentation system. Electrothermal de-icing system for main and tail rotor blades. AI-9V APU mounted transversely inside fairing aft of rotor head.
AVIONICS: Comms: R-860/863 and Karat M24 com; SPU-8 intercom.
Flight: VUAP-1 autopilot, ARK-15M radio compass, ARK-U2 radio compass, RV-5 radio altimeter.
Instrumentation: Blind-flying instrumentation, and ADF navigation system with DISS-1SD Doppler-fed mechanical map display. Air data sensor boom forward of top starboard corner of bulletproof windscreen at extreme nose.
Mission: Undernose pods for electro-optics (starboard) and Raduga-F semi-automatic missile guidance (port). Many small antennae and blisters, including SRO-2 Khrom (NATO 'Odd Rods') IFF transponder.
Self-defence: Sirena-3M radar warning antennae on each side of front fuselage and on trailing-edge of tail rotor pylon. Infra-red jammer (L-166V-11E Jspanka microwave pulse lamp: 'Hot Brick') in 'flower pot' container above forward end of tailboom. ASO-2V flare dispensers under tailboom forward of tailskid assembly initially; later triple racks (total of 192 flares) on sides of centre-fuselage.
EQUIPMENT: Gun camera on port wingtip. Colour-coded identification flare system.
ARMAMENT: One remotely controlled YakB-12.7 four-barrel Gatling-type 12.7mm machine gun, with 1,470 rounds, in VSPU-24 undernose turret with field of fire 60° to each side, 20° up, 60° down; gun slaved to KPS-53AV undernose sighting system with reflector sight in front cockpit; four 9M17P Skorpion (NATO AT-2 'Swatter') anti-tank missiles on 2P32M twin rails under endplate pylons at wingtips; four underwing pylons for UB-32 rocket pods (each 32 S-5 type 57mm rockets), B-8V-20 pods each containing 20 80mm S-8 rockets, 130 mm S-13 and 250mm S-24 rockets, UPK-23-250 pods each containing a GSh-23L twin-barrel 23mm gun, GUV pods each containing either one four-barrel 12.7mm YakB-12.7 machine gun with 750 rounds and two four-barrel 7.62mm 9-A-622 machine guns with total 1,100 rounds or an AGS-17 Plamia 30mm grenade launcher, up to 1,500kg of conventional bombs, mine dispensers, night flares or other stores. R-60 (AA-8 'Aphid'), R-73 (AA-11 'Archer') and Igla air-to-air missiles fitted experimentally. Helicopter can be landed to install reload weapons carried in cabin. PKV reflector gunsight for pilot. Provisions for firing AKMS guns from cabin windows.
--Jane's Helicopter Markets and Systems
Technical data for Mi-24
Crew: 2, engine: 2 x Klimov TV3-117 turboshaft, rated at 1620kW, main rotor diameter: 18.8m, height: 4.17m, take-off weight: 11500kg, empty weight: 8200kg, max speed: 330km/h, cruising speed: 217-270km/h, rate of climb: 12.5m/s, service ceiling: 5000m, hovering ceiling, OGE: 1500m, range: 500km, payload: 2500kg
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Prototypes:
The two V-24 prototypes were built by MVZ 329 (the Mil workshops) at Panki and it’s first flight was 19 September 1969. 10 preseries Mi-24s followed, five built by MVZ 329 and five by Progress (MVZ 116) at Arsenyev. The State acceptance trials were performed June 1970 to December 1971. All the prototypes were fitted with TV3-117A engines, not TV2-117 as sometimes reported. First reported in the Western press and production started 1972. Photographs became available in 1974, when two units of approximately squadron strength were based in East Germany. The reconfiguration of the front fuselage changed the primary role to gunship, this new version was first observed in 1977. Used operationally in Afghanistan, Angola, Chad, Chechnya, Iran/Iraq war (when at least one Iranian F-4 Phantom II was destroyed by a 9M114 (AT-6 “Spiral”) anti-tank missile from a Mi-24), Nicaragua and Sri Lanka. The peak production rate at the Progress plant, Arsenyev, was 165 a year but the production line there was dismantled in 1989. Late models continue to be available from Rostvertol at Rostov-on-Don, where production continues at a low rate for export and for the Interior Ministry.
.JPG)
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The Mil V-24 (Mi-24 mockup)
Mil V-24 (Mi-24 prototype)
Versions:
Mi-24 Hind-B:
(Izdelie 240) Prototypes and pre-series aircraft with simple tapered wing with no anhedral and simple underslung BD3-57Kr-V racks. Pilot (offset to port) and WSO (forward) in tandem under a heavily glazed roosterpit. One was modified in 1975 as “A-10” for successful speed record attempts with wings removed and faired over and with inertia-type dampers on the main rotor head. TV3-117A engines. One was later used to test the Fenestron tail rotor.
Mil A-10 (record-setting Mi-24 "Hind-B"
Mi-24 "Hind-B" with Fenestron tail rotor
Mi-24A Hind-A:
(Izdelie 245) The initial production version with a similar heavily glazed angular roosterpit to prototypes and preseries aircraft, but with an extended forward fuselage, giving it a more pointed nose in plan view and with less steeply pitched “roof” glazing. Single-barrel Afanasyev A-12.7 (TKB-481) 12.7 mm machine gun in a NUV-1 flexible mounting in the tip of nose, on the underside. Aimed using a simple PKV collimator gunsight. The pilot's door (on port side) was replaced by a large sliding bubble window. The WSO still entered through an upward-opening side window. The fuselage was stretched to accommodate the Raduga-F (Rainbow-F) semi-automatic command to line-of-sight missile guidance system, the presence of which was indicated by a small teardrop fairing in front of the nose landing gear. Armed with manually guided 9M17M (AT-2 “Swatter”) ATGMs. Anhedral added to stub wings to improve lateral stability and cure high-speed Dutch roll. The ATM launch rails were relocated from the fuselage sides to new endplate pylons at the wingtips. Two Mi-24A prototypes were produced by grafting a new nose on to pre-series Mi-24s. It entered production at Arsenyev in 1970.
.JPG)
Mil Mi-24A "Hind-A"
Mi-24U Hind-C:
(Izdelie 244) Unarmed pilot conversion trainer based on the Mi-24A, but lacking thenose-mounted gun, wingtip missile launch rails and undernose Raduga antenna. The instructor was seated in the former WSO position, with full dual controls and instruments. Built at Arsenyev in small numbers, with others possibly produced by conversion of redundant Mi-24/Mi-24As.
Mil Mi-24U "Hind-C"
Mi-24F? Hind-A:
(Izdelie 245M) An inadequate tail rotor authority led to the replacement of the starboard pusher tail rotor by a tractor tail rotor on port side from 1972. Seven reinforcing ribs were added to the port fuselage aft of the wing, the SRO-2M Khrom ("Odd Rods") IFF antenna was relocated from the canopy to the oil cooler. The APU exhaust was extended and angled downwards. The total production of Mi-24, Mi-24A, Mi-24U and Mi-24F was about 240, ending in 1974.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24B Hind-A:
(Izdelie 241) An up-gunned and improved model with the new 12.7 mm Yakoushev/Borzov YakB (TKB-063 or 9A624) 12.7 mm four-barrel machine gun in an USPU-24 powered chin turret, traversable through 120 degrees in azimuth and from +20 to –40 degrees in elevation/depression, and slaved to theKPS-53AV sighting system. Manually controlled ATGMs were replaced by 9M17P Falanga-P and Falanga-PV with SACLOS guidance. The traversing radio command link antenna moved from centreline to below the port side of the nose, with a gyrostabilised collimated LLTV/FLIR under the starboard side in a fixed fairing. The aircraft passed company trials in 1971-72 but it was overtaken by Izdelie 246 ("Hind-D") and abandoned. A full-scale mockup was produced from a pre-series Mi-24 with an undrooped wing, the prototype from an early Mi-24A with the normal anhedral wing. It retained it’s fully retractable landing gear like all previous Mi-24 variants.
Mil Mi-24B "Hind-A"'
Mi-24D Hind-D:
(Izdelie 246) Interim gunship version combining the “old” weapon system of the Mi-24B with a new airframe designed for the planned Mi-24V (due to delays with that aircraft's Shturm-V ATGMs with SPS-24V fire-control system, consisting of KPS-53AV weapons control unit and KS-53 gunsight). The design began in 1971 and two prototypes were built by converting Mi-24A aircraft, still with the starboard-side tail rotor. It entered production at the Arsenyev and Rostov plants in 1973, with about 350 built between 1973-77. Basically the same as the late model “Hind-A” with TV3-117 engines and a port-side tail rotor, but the entire front fuselage had been redesigned above the floor forward of the engine air intakes. Separate armoured roosterpits for the weapon operator and pilot in tandem, and a flight mechanic was optional, in the main cabin. Transport capability was retained. USPU-24 gun system, with range-finding. An undernose YakB-12.7 four-barrel 12.7 mm machine gun in a turret, slaved to the adjacent KPS-53A electro-optical sighting pod, for air-to-air and air-to-surface use. Long air data boom with DUAS-V pitch and yaw vanes. Falanga P anti-tank missile system. The nosewheel leg extended to increase ground clearance of the sensor pods. The wing pylons were plumbed for 500 litre (132 US gallon or 110 Imp gallon) drop tanks. The nosewheels are semi-exposed when retracted. S-13 camera moved from the port wingroot to the port wingtip/endplate junction.
Mil Mi-24D "Hind-D"
Mi-24DU:
(Izdelie 249) The dual-control training version of the Mi-24D. It has no gun turret.
Mil Mi-24DU
Mi-24PTRK:
This Mi-24D modification was a testbed for the Shturm V missile system of Mi-24V.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24V Hind-E:
(Izdelie 242) Up-engined, improved version powered by TV3-117V engines (V = vysotnii `high-altitude') rated at 1,633 kW (2,190 eshp). Airframe as Mi-24D, but with modified wingtip launchers and four underwing pylons. Empty weight 8,620 kg (19,004 lb).Weapons include up to eight 9M114 (AT-6 “Spiral”) radio-guided tube-launched anti-tank missiles in pairs in the Shturm V (Attack) missile system. A fixed enlarged undernose automatic missile guidance pod on the port side (antenna inside was articulated), with a fixed searchlight to the rear. ASP-17V gunsight for pilot. R-60 (K-60 AA-8 “Aphid”) air-to-air missiles optional on underwing pylons. The pilot's HUD replaces the former reflector gunsight. Deliveries to the Soviet Air Force began 29 March 1976. About 1,000 built at Arsenyev and Rostov between 1976-86. From 1981 usually fitted with PZU filters over the engine intakes, and, from 1984, with provisions for triple-lobe IR filter boxes over the downward-pointing exhausts and an L-166V-11E Ispanka (Spaniard) or SOEP-V1A "Lipa" IR jammer on a “Wendy House” fairing. R-863 VHF, R-828 army radio, SRO-2M IFF was replaced by SRO-1P Parol L-006LM Beryoza RHAWS on late aircraft. (See also Mi-35.)
Mil Mi-24V "Hind-E"
Mi-24W:
Polish designation of the Mi-24V (Ìè-24Â) as the Polish alphabet does not know the western letter V (and the Polish W is pronounced like an English V).
Mi-24VD:
The D in the designation stands for Dorabotanni meaning “Terminator”. A high proportion of combat losses in Afghanistan were inflicted from the rear hemisphere. The Mi-24VD was produced in 1985 as a testbed for rearward-firing defensive armament. A bulged gondola was installed in place of the rear avionics bay, accessed via a narrow crawlway. Equipped with 12.7 mm NSVT-12.7 Utyos machine gun. The gunner entered the turret in flight with his legs dangling into the slipstream, encased in a built-in rubberised fabric “trouser” bag. This project was abandoned in 1986.
Mil Mi-24VD
Mi-24VP:
(Izdelie 258) The final basic Army Aviation production version, based on the Mi-24V with a twin-barrel GSh-23L 23 mm gun in a NPPU-24 flexible mount with 450 rounds, in place of the four-barrel 12.7 mm gun in the nose. A small production series of 25 built at Rostov, entering service in 1989. The production was curtailed by ammunition feed problems. One VP flew with the Mi-28-type Delta H tail rotor.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24VU Hind-E:
No dedicated trainer version of the Mi-24V was produced by the OKB or factories for the Russian or former Soviet Army. India uses a small number of these trainer versions (possibly locally converted) with the gun turret removed and faired over, and with dual controls and instruments for the instructor in the front roosterpit. Mi-24VU, Mi-25VU and Mi-35U designations may be unofficial, even in India.
Indian Mi-24VU "Hind-E" (Mi-24V trainer)
Mi-24P Hind-F:
(Izdelie 243) The development was started in 1974, with about 620 built between 1981-89, first shown in service in 1982 photographs. The P of the designation refers to pushka: cannon. As the Mi-24V, but the nose gun turret replaced by a GSh-30K twin-barrel 30 mm gun (with 750 rounds) in a semi-cylindrical pack on the starboard side of the nose. The bottom of the nose smoothly faired above and forward of the sensors. The alternative Mi-24G has a gun on the starboard side.
Mil Mi-24P "Hind-F"
Mi-24RKhR Hind-G1:
(Izdelie 2462) Also referred to as Mi-24R. A dedicated NBC reconnaissance aircraft to replace the Mi-8VD. RKhR = dlya Radiatseeonno-Khimeccheskoi Razvedki (NBC reconnaissance). Identified at Chernobyl after the April 1986 accident at the nuclear power station. No undernose electro-optical and RF missile guidance pods, strike camera deleted, but the pylons for underwing stores were retained: instead of the wingtip weapon mounts, it has “clutching hand” excavator mechanisms on lengthened pylons, to obtain six soil samples per sortie, for NBC (nuclear/biological/chemical) warfare analysis. Air samples sucked in via a pipe on the port side, forward of the doors exhausting through a horizontal slit above. Datalink to pass the findings to groundstations. Lozenge-shape housing with an exhaust pipe of the air filtering system under the port side of the cabin. A bubble window on the starboard side of the main cabin. A small rearward-firing marker flag/flare pack on the tailskid. The crew of four wear NBC suits. It was deployed six per helicopter regiment throughout the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) ground forces. There were about 152 built between 1983-89.
Mil Mi-24R/RKhR/RCh "Hind-G1"
Mi-24RA Hind-G1 Mod:
(Izdelie 2462 or 2463) A new series of conversions from the Mi-24V. It retained it’s strike camera in the wingroot and lacked the wingtip excavators, Sometimes seen with a pod on the port station. The crew reduced to three with improved (presumably automated) processing and data transfer. It probably had a slightly different and more specialised role: There was only one known in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, for example.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24K Hind-G2:
(Izdelie 201) The K in the designation stands for korrektirovchik: corrector. A dedicated artillery spotter/fire correction aircraft to replace the Mi-8TARK. As the Mi-24R, but with a large A87P or AFA-100 camera in the cabin, with a f8/1,300 mm lens on starboard side. Six per helicopter regiment for reconnaissance and artillery fire correction. The gun and B-8V-20 rocket pods were retained. No target designator pod under nose. An upward-hinging cover for the IRIS wide-angle IR and optical sensor system. Rita reconnaissance and spotting system with optical target identification, computer and data processor. There were about 163 built between 1983-1989.
Mil Mi-24K "Hind-G2"
Mi-24RR:
Derivative of Mi-24R for radiation reconnaissance.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24BMT:
(Izdelie 248) A few modified in 1973 for minesweeping.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24VN Hind-E:
(Mi-35O "Hind-E") An interim night-attack version based on a conversion of the Mi-24V in Mi-24VM Stage 1 configuration. roosterpit and external lights compatible with Geo-ONV-1 NVGs and with the new RPKB navigation/fire-control system. May also feature GOES-320 gyrostabilised sensor turret containing Sony EVI331 TV and Agema THV1000 FLIR sensors (for navigation/surveillance, not targeting) or a similar GOES-342 turret with a targeting function for the 9M120 (AT-12) ATMs. Some reports suggest that Mi-24VNs were to be used by Experimental Combat Group in Chechnya. A similar upgrade configuration, with A737 GPS and using two MFI-68 roosterpit displays for the pilot (one replacing the S-17V gunsight, one functioning as a colour LCD terrain map), and an MFPU console for the gunner, has been prepared for an unnamed customer. Performance generally as for Mi-24V/Mi-24P.
[no accurate image found]
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Mil Mi-24VM
1998
www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/mi-24vm.php
Thirty years ago, the Mi-24 helicopter, developed in compliance with the ideas of General Designer Mikhail Mil, has taken off for the first time. Over these three decades the helicopter has gone through many flashpoints and the legendary Mi-24 has been designated the flying infantry combat vehicle not without reason. However, thirty years is a long life for a combat helicopter. Therefore, in early March the Mil Experimental Design Bureau demonstrated a fundamentally modernized derivative, designated the Mi-24VM (Mi-35M), of the Mi-24 helicopter that has made a perfect showing under complicated combat conditions. The conspicuous features of the modernization, offered by the Mil Design Bureau, consist in modular updating of the Mi-24. In this case, any module (unit) can be individually modernized in accordance with the customer's request and financial potentialities.
Installation of a new main rotor provided with blades made of glass fiber plastics, a hub furnished with elastolar bearings, and an X-shaped tail rotor developed for the Mi-28N helicopter, makes it possible to decrease the mass of the flying machine, increase its hovering ceiling and rate of climb, and improve its overall operating characteristics and invulnerability.
In modernizing the airframe, armament system and communications facilities, the Mil Design Bureau offers to install a shortened wing and nonretractable landing gear and retrofit the hydraulic system. In addition to this, the client may wish to replace a number of equipment components, as well as install new bomb racks, missile launchers, and radio set.
The primary emphasis has been placed on an increase of weapon effectiveness. The Ataka air-to-ground guided missiles (ammunition establishment has been increased up to 16 missiles) have been introduced into the helicopter's armament system. The missiles can also be used against air targets similar to the Igla-V guided missiles. The 12.7mm machine-gun mount has been replaced by a 23mm aircraft cannon. The most up-to-date BVK-24 computer and a laser range finder have been introduced into the heliborne equipment. A modernization program on this scale makes it possible to increase the accuracy against a single target 1.5 times, while increasing the kill zone 2 to 2.5 times when delivering cannon fire. The combat effectiveness of employing the guided missiles increases twofold on average.
The modernization will ensure the helicopter's round-the-clock combat readiness. The use of night-vision goggles with flight information displayed in the field of view, and equipping the helicopter with an optronic fire-control station comprising of thermal imaging and TV channels, control channel, and laser range finder, as well as display systems, enables the crew to detect and recognize targets at night and employ the heliborne weapons both by day and night.
It should be pointed out that this modernization program will prolong the service life of the Mi-24, designed thirty years ago, until the years of 2015 - 2020, and essentially increase the overhaul period of the helicopter and its accessories.
--"Military Parade"
Mi-24VM: Proposed upgrade first shown in model form at Moscow Air Show '95.
Technical data for Mi-24VM
Crew: 2-3, rotor diameter: 17.20m, fuselage length with a gun: 18.57m, height: 4.39m, take-off weight: 10800-11500kg, empty weight: 8090kg, max speed: 310km/h, cruising speed: 260km/h, service ceiling: 5700m, hovering ceiling: 3100m, range: 500km, fuel: 2050l, armament: 23mm cannon, 4 x "Ataka" anti-tank missiles, 2 x "Igla" anti-aircraft missiles, 40 x 80mm rockets
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Mi-24PN:
Preliminary tests reportedly under way in mid-2000. Presumed to be a 30 mm cannon-armed "Hind-F" upgraded with Geofizika FLIR, new laser range-finder, mission computer and NVG-compatible roosterpit. Possibly equivalent to Mi-24VN.
Mil Mi-24PN
Mi-24PS:
Patrul'nospasatelny: patrol/rescue. A transport/law enforcement/SAR variant for the Russian Ministry of the Interior. Production or series conversion status unknown. The first prototype was converted from a Mi-24P, retaining it’s 30 mm cannon and wing endplate pylons. The undernose LLTV/FLIR was replaced by a downward-pointing loudspeaker group and the ATGM guidance antenna by a FPP-7 searchlight. The nose was cut away to allow the installation of a weather radar and EO turret. LPG-4 winch (120 kg or 264 lb capacity) installed aft of the starboard cabin door, grab rails, foot rests and rappel attachment points around the sides of the doors. Four of a six-man squad carried can rappel from the aircraft simultaneously. Satellite communications, secure encrypted voice radios and special police-band radios. Second prototype similar (albeit painted white, with blue cheatlines and Militia titles) but that was converted from a Mi-24V, with the USPU-24 turret replaced by a FLIR ball. Marketed as Mi-35PS for export.
Mil Mi-24PS
Mi-24 Ecological Survey Version:
Modification by the Polyot industrial research organisation, to assess oil pollution on water and seasonal changes of water level. It was first seen in 1991 with a large flat sensor “tongue” projecting from the nose in place of the gun turret, a large rectangular sensor pod on the outer starboard underwing pylon and an unidentified modification replaces the rear cabin window on the starboard side.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-25:
Export Mi-24D, including those for Afghanistan, Angola, Cuba, India and Peru. Also Mi-35D.
Mil Mi-25
Mi-35:
Export Mi-24V also known as Mi-25V.
Mil Mi-35
Mi-35P:
Export Mi-24P.
Mi-35M:
Upgraded night-capable version of the Mi-24/35. It is the export counterpart of the Mi-24M. It was designed to meet the latest air mobility requirements of the Russian Army. Features include Mi-28 main and tail rotors and transmission. 1,636 kW (2,194 shp) Klimov TV3-117VMA engines. New avionics, a reduced empty weight resulting from a new titanium main rotor head, composites rotor blades, shortened stub-wings and non-retractable landing gear. A 23 mm GSh-23-2 twin-barrel gun in a nose turret, with 470 rounds, up to 16 radio-guided 9M114 (AT-6 ‘Spiral”), or laser-guided 9M-120 anti-tank, 9M-120F blast fragmentation or 9A-220 air-to-air versions of Ataka (AT-12) missile or a range of armament options including GUV gun/grenade pods, UPK-23-250 gun pods, B-8V-20A and B-13L rocket pods, S-24B rockets and KMGU pods of anti-armour and anti-personnel mines. The Night Operation Capable Avionics System (NOCAS) by Sextant Avionique and Thomson-TTD Optronic integrates a Chlio FLIR ball with a TMM-1410 display, providing night vision for target acquisition and identification, missile guidance and gun aiming. Other equipment includes a VH-100 HUD, NVGs, liquid-crystal MFD, Nadir 10 mission management and navigation system, laser-gyro INS and GPS. The FLIR ball is mounted outboard of the standard missile guidance pod. Ability to carry Igla V air-to-air missiles is optional. The non-flying demonstrator was first displayed at the 1995 Paris Air Show.
Mil Mi-35M
Mi-35M2:
The Venezuelan Army ordered and received this version mid 2006. No details known yet, but it is expected to be a minor update to the Mi-35M.
Possibly, the Mi-35M2
ATE 'Super Hind':
Upgrade configuration proposed by South Africa's Advanced Technologies and Engineering. Derived from Denel/Kentron PZL W-3WB Huzar upgrade. Extended nose in front of roosterpit with undernose Kentron IR/EO sight and 20mm chain gun, cheek fairing to port for ammunition feed, designator, improved displays, new night vision systems and provision for Denel/Kentron Ingwe or Mokopa ATMs. Prototype ZU-BOI rolled out at Grand Central Airport, Midrand, by 15 February 1999.
ATE "'Super Hind" Mk.3
Tamam Mi-24 HMOSP:
Israeli upgrade configuration. US$20 million contract placed for upgrade of 25 (possibly Indian) Mi-24s based on existing Helicopter Multimission Optronic Stabilised Payload System, with TV, FLIR and automatic target tracker, integrated with helmet sight, digital moving map, integrated DASS and a new mission planning system. roosterpits can be reorganised to put pilot in front, weapon operator in rear.
HMOSP upgrade for Mi-24
Hollywood Mi-24A "Hind-A":
A few of these Mi-24s were made from Aerospatiale SA.330 Puma helicopters for use in Hollywood films, such as "Rambo: First Blood Part 2", "Rambo 3", "Red Dawn", and "The Marine". The ones in "Red Dawn" had re-designed roosterpits to resemble the fully glazed canopy and gun system of the early production Mi-24 models.
Puma Mi-24 used in the film "Rambo 3"
Converted Puma helicopter as Mi-24A in "Red Dawn"
Mi-24 Target Drone:
One of these Mi-24s is a modified Sikorsky S-55 helicopter with external add-on pieces to make it resemble the Mil Mi-24P "'Hind-F". Another is a Brantly-Hynes model that is fully RC. Both are used as target drones and training aids for the United States Army.
Sikorsky S-55 as fake Mi-24P "Hind-F"
Brantly-Hynes H-5T target drone
Mi-28 Early Mockup:
One Mi-24D was fitted with the Mi-28's nose sensor mount to act as an early technology testbed for the Mi-28.
Mil Mi-24D fitted with the Mi-28's radome mount
1969
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www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/mi-24.php
The Mi-24, which has the NATO reporting name 'Hind', was developed during the mid-1960s to provide a multi-role military helicopter-of formidable capability. It appears to be evolved from, the Mil Mi-8/Mi-14 family, but a combination of reduced size and increased power gives this aircraft improved manoeuvrability and performance. While of the same basic configuration as its predecessors, and with a dynamic system based on that of the Mi-8, the Mi-24 has a more slender fuselage suitable for the gunship role, but with sufficient capability to accommodate a crew of four and a maximum of eight armed troops. The tricycle landing gear has retractable main units and a semi-retractable nose unit. Short-span cantilever shoulder wings with considerable anhedral are a distinguishing feature, and each provides mountings for a variety of weapons. Entering service in 1973-74 and deployed initially in East Germany, the Mi-24 has developed during military exercises into variants for armed assault, for anti-armour use, and for use as a helicopter escort, well able to oppose enemy helicopters in air-to-air combat. About 1,500 'Hinds', in production since the early 1970s, are currently in service with CIS forces. The type saw much action in Afghanistan, used as the proving ground for many operational improvements to the 'Hind'. The type was also used in the Iraq/Iran war of the early 1980s. The Mi-24 has been widely exported and a number are in service on most continents, with examples delivered to, or operating in, Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Bulgaria, Chad, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, India, Iraq, Libya, Mozambique, Nicaragua, North Korea, Peru, Poland, Sri Lanka, Syria, Vietnam and Yemen. Production continues at a low rate and by 1991 more than 2,300 had been built. FAI records set by the A-1O experimental variant of the 'Hind' gave some indication of the type's capabilities, as when on 2 September 1978 over a 15/25km course it achieved a speed of 368.4km/h.
VARIANTS
Mi-24 'Hind': early production version, reported in 1972 but not seen until 1973; introduced into Soviet service in 1973/74
Mi-24 'Hind-A': second production model, with tail rotor moved from the starboard to port side of the tailfin; used as armed assault helicopter, carrying eight troops and three crew members
Mi-24'Hind-B': initial production model with tail rotor on starboard side, wings without anhedral, no wingtip stations and only four underwing hardpoints; test use only
Mi-24 'Hind-C': dedicated training helicopter similar to 'Hind-A', but without nose-gun installation and wingtip stations
Mi-24D 'Hind-D': initial dedicated gunship variant; first reported around 1977, Mi-24D is basically a late production 'Hind-A' with revised forward fuselage containing separate cockpits for pilot and gunner, the latter controlling a single 12.7mm turret-mounted machine-gun and pylon-mounted AT-2 'Swatter' wire-guided ATMs; some versions had 23mm cannon in turret
Mi-24W 'Hind-E': improved version of 'Hind-D' gunship first reported in early 1980s; equipped with 12 AT-6 'Spiral' radio-guided ATMs mounted on stub wings together with AA-8 'Aphid' air-to-air missiles for self-defence
Mi-24P 'Hind-F': Mi-24P (P for pushka, cannon) version of gunship, appeared in 1982 fitted with 30-mm GSh-30-2 cannon in starboard uderfuselage nose pack which includes 750 rounds of ammunition
Mi-24R 'Hind-G 1': fitted with wingtip 'grapplers' or 'clutching hands' apparently used in connection with NBC technology, the Mi-24R was first reported in 1986 after the Chernobyl disaster
Mi-24K 'Hind-G 2': similar to Mi-24R but with large camera installed in cabin with lens on starboard side
Mi-25: export version of 'Hind-D'
Mi-35: export version of 'Hind-E'
Mi-35P: export version of 'Hind-F'
--D.Donald "The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft", 1997
NATO reporting name: Hind
TYPE: Twin-turbine gunship helicopter, with transport capability.
PROGRAMME: Development began second half of 1960s, as first fire support helicopter in former USSR, with accommodation for eight armed troops; 12 prototypes built; first flight 19 September 1969; first reported in West 1972; photographs became available 1974, when two units of approximately squadron strength based in the former East Germany; reconfiguration of front fuselage changed primary role to gunship; new version first observed 1977; used operationally in Chad, Nicaragua, Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), Angola, Afghanistan, Chechnya and Iran/Iraq war, when at least one Iranian F-4 Phantom II destroyed by AT-6 (NATO 'Spiral') anti-tank missile from Mi-24; low-rate production continued for export until 1994. Late models still available from Rostvertol.
VERSIONS
Mi-24A ('Hind-A, B and C'): Early versions with pilot and co-pilot/gunner in tandem under large-area continuous glazing; large flight deck; about 250 built.
Mi-24BMT: Modified 1973 for minesweeping.
Mi-24D: (Type 24-6; 'Hind-D'): Interim gunship version; design began 1971; entered production at Arsenyev and Rostov plants 1973; about 350 built 1973-77. Basically as late model 'Hind-A' with TV3-117 engines and port-side tail rotor, but entire front fuselage redesigned above floor forward of engine air intakes; heavily armoured separate cockpits for weapon operator and pilot in tandem; flight mechanic optional, in main cabin; transport capability retained; USUP-24 gun system, with rangefinding; undernose JakB-12.7 four-barrel 12.7mm machine gun in turret, slaved to adjacent KPS-53A electro-optical sighting pod, for air-to-air and air-to-surface use; Falanga P (Phalanx) anti-tank missile system; nosewheel leg extended to increase ground clearance of sensor pods; nosewheels semi-exposed when retracted.
Detailed description refers to Mi-24D, except where indicated.
Mi-24DU: Dual-control training version has no gun turret. (See also Mi-25.)
Mi-24K (korrektirovchik: corrector) ('Hind-G2'): As Mi-24R, but with large camera in cabin, f8/1,300mm lens on starboard side; six per helicopter regiment for reconnaissance and artillery fire correction; gun and B-8V-20 rocket pods retained. No target designator pod under nose; upward hingeing cover for IR sensor. About 150 built 1983-89.
Mi-24P (Type 24-3; 'Hind-F'): Development started 1974; about 620 built 1981-90; first shown in service in 1982 photographs; P of designation refers to pushka = cannon; as Mi-24V, but nose gun turret replaced by GSh-30-2 twin-barrel 30mm gun (with 750 rounds) in semi-cylindrical pack on starboard side of nose; bottom of nose smoothly faired above and forward of sensors.
Mi-24PS: Special version for Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs; prototype exhibited at Moscow Air Show '95. Equipment includes undernose FLIR, searchlight on port side, loadspeaker pack on starboard side; hoist, climbdown ropes, stations for radio operator.
Mi-24RKR ('Hind-G1'): Identified at Chernobyl after April 1986 accident at nuclear power station; no undernose electro-optical or RF missile guidance pods; instead of wingtip weapon mounts, has 'clutching hand' mechanisms on lengthened pylons, to obtain six soil samples per sortie for NBC (nuclear/biological/chemical) warfare analysis; air samples sucked in via pipe on port side, aft of doors; datalink to pass findings to ground; lozenge-shaped housing with exhaust pipe of air filtering system under port side of cabin; bubble window on starboard side of main cabin; small rearward-firing marker flare pack on tailskid; crew of four wear NBC suits; six helicopters are deployed per regiment throughout RFAS ground forces. Designation (also appearing as Mi-24RCh) indicates Razvedchik: reconnaissance/chemical. About 150 built 1983-89.
Mi-24RR: Derivative of Mi-24R for radiation reconnaissance.
Mi-24U: unarmed dual-control trainers (first flight 1972).
Mi-24V (Types 20-1 and 24-2; 'Hind-E'): As Mi-24D, but modified wingtip launchers and four underwing pylons; weapons include up to eight 9M114 (NATO AT-6 'Spiral') radio-guided tube-launched anti-tank missiles in pairs in Shturm V (Attack) missile system; ASP-17V enlarged undernose automatic missile guidance pod on port side, with fixed searchlight to rear; R-60 (K-60; NATO AA-8 'Aphid') air-to-air missiles optional on underwing pylons; pilot's HUD replaces former reflector gunsight. Deliveries to former Soviet Air Force began 29 March 1976; about 1,000 built at Arsenyev and Rostov 1976-86. (See also Mi-35.)
Mi-24VM: Proposed upgrade first shown in model form at Moscow Air Show '95.
Mi-24VP: Variant of Mi-24V with twin-barrel 23mm GSh-23 gun, with 450 rounds, in place of four-barrel 12.7mm gun in nose; photographed 1992; small production series built at Rostov.
Mi-24 Ecological Survey Version: Modification by Polyot industrial research organisation, to assess oil pollution on water and seasonal changes of water level. First seen 1991 with large flat sensor 'tongue' projecting from nose in place of gun turret; large rectangular sensor pod on outer starboard underwing pylon; unidentified modification replaces rear cabin window on starboard side.
Mi-25: Export Mi-24D, including those for Afghanistan, Cuba and India.
Mi-35: Export Mi-24V. Unarmed, dual-control trainer version also produced for India.
Mi-35M: Upgraded Mi-24/35 designed to meet the latest air mobility requirements of the Russian Army.
Mi-35M1: Upgrade of latest production standard of Mi-24VP.
Mi-35P: Export Mi-24P.
ATE 'Super Hind': Upgrade configuration proposed by South Africa's Advanced Technologies and Engineering. Derived from Denel/Kentron PZL W-3WB Huzar upgrade. Extended nose in front of cockpit with undernose Kentron IR/EO sight and 20mm chain gun, cheek fairing to port for ammunition feed, designator, improved displays, new night vision systems and provision for Denel/Kentron Ingwe or Mokopa ATMs. Prototype ZU-BOI rolled out at Grand Central Airport, Midrand, by 15 February 1999.
Tamam Mi-24 HMOSP: Israeli upgrade configuration. US$20 million contract placed for upgrade of 25 (possibly Indian) Mi-24s based on existing Helicopter Multimission Optronic Stabilised Payload System, with TV, FLIR and automatic target tracker, integrated with helmet sight, digital moving map, integrated DASS and a new mission planning system. Cockpits can be reorganised to put pilot in front, weapon operator in rear.
CUSTOMERS: More than 2,500 produced at Arsenyev and Rostov.
DESIGN FEATURES: Typical helicopter gunship configuration, with stepped tandem seating for two crew and heavy weapon load on stub-wings; fuselage unusually wide for role, due to requirement for carrying eight troops; dynamic components and power plant originally as Mi-8, but soon upgraded to Mi-17-type power plant and port-side tail rotor. Main rotor blade section NACA 230, thickness/chord ratio 11 to 12%; tail rotor blade section NACA 230M; stub-wing anhedral 12°, incidence 19°; wings contribute approximately 25% of lift in cruising flight; fin offset 3°.
STRUCTURE: Five-blade constant-chord main rotor; forged and machined steel head, with conventional flapping, drag and pitch change articulation; each blade has aluminium alloy spar, skin and honeycomb core; spars nitrogen pressurised for crack detection; hydraulic lead/lag dampers; balance tab on each blade; aluminium alloy three-blade tail rotor; main rotor brake; all-metal semi-monocoque fuselage pod and boom; 5mm hardened steel integral side armour on front fuselage; all-metal shoulder wings with no movable surfaces; swept fin/tail rotor mounting; variable incidence horizontal stabiliser.
LANDING GEAR: Tricycle type; rearward-retracting steerable twin-wheel nose unit; single-wheel main units with oleo-pneumatic shock-absorbers and low-pressure tyres, size 720 x 320mm on mainwheels, 480 x 200mm on nosewheels. Main units retract rearward and inward into aft end of fuselage pod, turning through 90° to stow almost vertically, discwise to longitudinal axis of fuselage, under prominent blister fairings. Tubular tripod skid assembly, with shock-strut, protects tail rotor in tail-down take-off or landing.
POWER PLANT: Two Klimov TV3-117MT turboshafts, each with maximum rating of 1,434kW, side by side above cabin, with output shafts driving rearward to main rotor shaft through combining gearbox. There is 5mm hardened steel armour protection for engines. Main fuel tank in fuselage to rear of cabin, with bag tanks behind main gearbox. Internal fuel capacity 1,500kg; can be supplemented by 1,000kg auxiliary tank in cabin (Mi-24D); provision for carrying (instead of auxiliary tank) up to four external tanks, each 500 litres, on two inner pylons under each wing. Optional deflectors and separators for foreign objects and dust in air intakes; and infra-red suppression exhaust mixer boxes over exhaust ducts.
ACCOMMODATION: Pilot (at rear) and weapon operator on armoured seats in tandem cockpits under individual canopies; dual flying controls, with retractable pedals in front cockpit; if required, flight mechanic on jump-seat in cabin, with narrow passage between flight deck and cabin. Front canopy hinged to open sideways to starboard; footstep under starboard side of fuselage for access to pilot's rearward-hinged door; rear seat raised to give pilot unobstructed forward view; anti-fragment shield between cockpits. Main cabin can accommodate eight persons on folding seats, or four stretchers; at front of cabin on each side is a door, divided horizontally into two sections, hinged to open upward and downward respectively, with integral step on lower portion. Optically flat bulletproof glass windscreen, with wiper, for each crew member.
SYSTEMS: Cockpits and cabin heated and ventilated. Dual electrical system, with three generators, giving 36, 115 and 208V AC at 400Hz, and 27V DC. Retractable landing/taxying light under nose; navigation lights; anti-collision light above tailboom. Stability augmentation system. Electrothermal de-icing system for main and tail rotor blades. AI-9V APU mounted transversely inside fairing aft of rotor head.
AVIONICS: Comms: R-860/863 and Karat M24 com; SPU-8 intercom.
Flight: VUAP-1 autopilot, ARK-15M radio compass, ARK-U2 radio compass, RV-5 radio altimeter.
Instrumentation: Blind-flying instrumentation, and ADF navigation system with DISS-1SD Doppler-fed mechanical map display. Air data sensor boom forward of top starboard corner of bulletproof windscreen at extreme nose.
Mission: Undernose pods for electro-optics (starboard) and Raduga-F semi-automatic missile guidance (port). Many small antennae and blisters, including SRO-2 Khrom (NATO 'Odd Rods') IFF transponder.
Self-defence: Sirena-3M radar warning antennae on each side of front fuselage and on trailing-edge of tail rotor pylon. Infra-red jammer (L-166V-11E Jspanka microwave pulse lamp: 'Hot Brick') in 'flower pot' container above forward end of tailboom. ASO-2V flare dispensers under tailboom forward of tailskid assembly initially; later triple racks (total of 192 flares) on sides of centre-fuselage.
EQUIPMENT: Gun camera on port wingtip. Colour-coded identification flare system.
ARMAMENT: One remotely controlled YakB-12.7 four-barrel Gatling-type 12.7mm machine gun, with 1,470 rounds, in VSPU-24 undernose turret with field of fire 60° to each side, 20° up, 60° down; gun slaved to KPS-53AV undernose sighting system with reflector sight in front cockpit; four 9M17P Skorpion (NATO AT-2 'Swatter') anti-tank missiles on 2P32M twin rails under endplate pylons at wingtips; four underwing pylons for UB-32 rocket pods (each 32 S-5 type 57mm rockets), B-8V-20 pods each containing 20 80mm S-8 rockets, 130 mm S-13 and 250mm S-24 rockets, UPK-23-250 pods each containing a GSh-23L twin-barrel 23mm gun, GUV pods each containing either one four-barrel 12.7mm YakB-12.7 machine gun with 750 rounds and two four-barrel 7.62mm 9-A-622 machine guns with total 1,100 rounds or an AGS-17 Plamia 30mm grenade launcher, up to 1,500kg of conventional bombs, mine dispensers, night flares or other stores. R-60 (AA-8 'Aphid'), R-73 (AA-11 'Archer') and Igla air-to-air missiles fitted experimentally. Helicopter can be landed to install reload weapons carried in cabin. PKV reflector gunsight for pilot. Provisions for firing AKMS guns from cabin windows.
--Jane's Helicopter Markets and Systems
Technical data for Mi-24
Crew: 2, engine: 2 x Klimov TV3-117 turboshaft, rated at 1620kW, main rotor diameter: 18.8m, height: 4.17m, take-off weight: 11500kg, empty weight: 8200kg, max speed: 330km/h, cruising speed: 217-270km/h, rate of climb: 12.5m/s, service ceiling: 5000m, hovering ceiling, OGE: 1500m, range: 500km, payload: 2500kg
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Prototypes:
The two V-24 prototypes were built by MVZ 329 (the Mil workshops) at Panki and it’s first flight was 19 September 1969. 10 preseries Mi-24s followed, five built by MVZ 329 and five by Progress (MVZ 116) at Arsenyev. The State acceptance trials were performed June 1970 to December 1971. All the prototypes were fitted with TV3-117A engines, not TV2-117 as sometimes reported. First reported in the Western press and production started 1972. Photographs became available in 1974, when two units of approximately squadron strength were based in East Germany. The reconfiguration of the front fuselage changed the primary role to gunship, this new version was first observed in 1977. Used operationally in Afghanistan, Angola, Chad, Chechnya, Iran/Iraq war (when at least one Iranian F-4 Phantom II was destroyed by a 9M114 (AT-6 “Spiral”) anti-tank missile from a Mi-24), Nicaragua and Sri Lanka. The peak production rate at the Progress plant, Arsenyev, was 165 a year but the production line there was dismantled in 1989. Late models continue to be available from Rostvertol at Rostov-on-Don, where production continues at a low rate for export and for the Interior Ministry.
The Mil V-24 (Mi-24 mockup)
Mil V-24 (Mi-24 prototype)
Versions:
Mi-24 Hind-B:
(Izdelie 240) Prototypes and pre-series aircraft with simple tapered wing with no anhedral and simple underslung BD3-57Kr-V racks. Pilot (offset to port) and WSO (forward) in tandem under a heavily glazed roosterpit. One was modified in 1975 as “A-10” for successful speed record attempts with wings removed and faired over and with inertia-type dampers on the main rotor head. TV3-117A engines. One was later used to test the Fenestron tail rotor.
Mil A-10 (record-setting Mi-24 "Hind-B"
Mi-24 "Hind-B" with Fenestron tail rotor
Mi-24A Hind-A:
(Izdelie 245) The initial production version with a similar heavily glazed angular roosterpit to prototypes and preseries aircraft, but with an extended forward fuselage, giving it a more pointed nose in plan view and with less steeply pitched “roof” glazing. Single-barrel Afanasyev A-12.7 (TKB-481) 12.7 mm machine gun in a NUV-1 flexible mounting in the tip of nose, on the underside. Aimed using a simple PKV collimator gunsight. The pilot's door (on port side) was replaced by a large sliding bubble window. The WSO still entered through an upward-opening side window. The fuselage was stretched to accommodate the Raduga-F (Rainbow-F) semi-automatic command to line-of-sight missile guidance system, the presence of which was indicated by a small teardrop fairing in front of the nose landing gear. Armed with manually guided 9M17M (AT-2 “Swatter”) ATGMs. Anhedral added to stub wings to improve lateral stability and cure high-speed Dutch roll. The ATM launch rails were relocated from the fuselage sides to new endplate pylons at the wingtips. Two Mi-24A prototypes were produced by grafting a new nose on to pre-series Mi-24s. It entered production at Arsenyev in 1970.
Mil Mi-24A "Hind-A"
Mi-24U Hind-C:
(Izdelie 244) Unarmed pilot conversion trainer based on the Mi-24A, but lacking thenose-mounted gun, wingtip missile launch rails and undernose Raduga antenna. The instructor was seated in the former WSO position, with full dual controls and instruments. Built at Arsenyev in small numbers, with others possibly produced by conversion of redundant Mi-24/Mi-24As.
Mil Mi-24U "Hind-C"
Mi-24F? Hind-A:
(Izdelie 245M) An inadequate tail rotor authority led to the replacement of the starboard pusher tail rotor by a tractor tail rotor on port side from 1972. Seven reinforcing ribs were added to the port fuselage aft of the wing, the SRO-2M Khrom ("Odd Rods") IFF antenna was relocated from the canopy to the oil cooler. The APU exhaust was extended and angled downwards. The total production of Mi-24, Mi-24A, Mi-24U and Mi-24F was about 240, ending in 1974.
[no accurate image found]
Mi-24B Hind-A:
(Izdelie 241) An up-gunned and improved model with the new 12.7 mm Yakoushev/Borzov YakB (TKB-063 or 9A624) 12.7 mm four-barrel machine gun in an USPU-24 powered chin turret, traversable through 120 degrees in azimuth and from +20 to –40 degrees in elevation/depression, and slaved to theKPS-53AV sighting system. Manually controlled ATGMs were replaced by 9M17P Falanga-P and Falanga-PV with SACLOS guidance. The traversing radio command link antenna moved from centreline to below the port side of the nose, with a gyrostabilised collimated LLTV/FLIR under the starboard side in a fixed fairing. The aircraft passed company trials in 1971-72 but it was overtaken by Izdelie 246 ("Hind-D") and abandoned. A full-scale mockup was produced from a pre-series Mi-24 with an undrooped wing, the prototype from an early Mi-24A with the normal anhedral wing. It retained it’s fully retractable landing gear like all previous Mi-24 variants.
Mil Mi-24B "Hind-A"'
Mi-24D Hind-D:
(Izdelie 246) Interim gunship version combining the “old” weapon system of the Mi-24B with a new airframe designed for the planned Mi-24V (due to delays with that aircraft's Shturm-V ATGMs with SPS-24V fire-control system, consisting of KPS-53AV weapons control unit and KS-53 gunsight). The design began in 1971 and two prototypes were built by converting Mi-24A aircraft, still with the starboard-side tail rotor. It entered production at the Arsenyev and Rostov plants in 1973, with about 350 built between 1973-77. Basically the same as the late model “Hind-A” with TV3-117 engines and a port-side tail rotor, but the entire front fuselage had been redesigned above the floor forward of the engine air intakes. Separate armoured roosterpits for the weapon operator and pilot in tandem, and a flight mechanic was optional, in the main cabin. Transport capability was retained. USPU-24 gun system, with range-finding. An undernose YakB-12.7 four-barrel 12.7 mm machine gun in a turret, slaved to the adjacent KPS-53A electro-optical sighting pod, for air-to-air and air-to-surface use. Long air data boom with DUAS-V pitch and yaw vanes. Falanga P anti-tank missile system. The nosewheel leg extended to increase ground clearance of the sensor pods. The wing pylons were plumbed for 500 litre (132 US gallon or 110 Imp gallon) drop tanks. The nosewheels are semi-exposed when retracted. S-13 camera moved from the port wingroot to the port wingtip/endplate junction.
Mil Mi-24D "Hind-D"
Mi-24DU:
(Izdelie 249) The dual-control training version of the Mi-24D. It has no gun turret.
Mil Mi-24DU
Mi-24PTRK:
This Mi-24D modification was a testbed for the Shturm V missile system of Mi-24V.
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Mi-24V Hind-E:
(Izdelie 242) Up-engined, improved version powered by TV3-117V engines (V = vysotnii `high-altitude') rated at 1,633 kW (2,190 eshp). Airframe as Mi-24D, but with modified wingtip launchers and four underwing pylons. Empty weight 8,620 kg (19,004 lb).Weapons include up to eight 9M114 (AT-6 “Spiral”) radio-guided tube-launched anti-tank missiles in pairs in the Shturm V (Attack) missile system. A fixed enlarged undernose automatic missile guidance pod on the port side (antenna inside was articulated), with a fixed searchlight to the rear. ASP-17V gunsight for pilot. R-60 (K-60 AA-8 “Aphid”) air-to-air missiles optional on underwing pylons. The pilot's HUD replaces the former reflector gunsight. Deliveries to the Soviet Air Force began 29 March 1976. About 1,000 built at Arsenyev and Rostov between 1976-86. From 1981 usually fitted with PZU filters over the engine intakes, and, from 1984, with provisions for triple-lobe IR filter boxes over the downward-pointing exhausts and an L-166V-11E Ispanka (Spaniard) or SOEP-V1A "Lipa" IR jammer on a “Wendy House” fairing. R-863 VHF, R-828 army radio, SRO-2M IFF was replaced by SRO-1P Parol L-006LM Beryoza RHAWS on late aircraft. (See also Mi-35.)
Mil Mi-24V "Hind-E"
Mi-24W:
Polish designation of the Mi-24V (Ìè-24Â) as the Polish alphabet does not know the western letter V (and the Polish W is pronounced like an English V).
Mi-24VD:
The D in the designation stands for Dorabotanni meaning “Terminator”. A high proportion of combat losses in Afghanistan were inflicted from the rear hemisphere. The Mi-24VD was produced in 1985 as a testbed for rearward-firing defensive armament. A bulged gondola was installed in place of the rear avionics bay, accessed via a narrow crawlway. Equipped with 12.7 mm NSVT-12.7 Utyos machine gun. The gunner entered the turret in flight with his legs dangling into the slipstream, encased in a built-in rubberised fabric “trouser” bag. This project was abandoned in 1986.
Mil Mi-24VD
Mi-24VP:
(Izdelie 258) The final basic Army Aviation production version, based on the Mi-24V with a twin-barrel GSh-23L 23 mm gun in a NPPU-24 flexible mount with 450 rounds, in place of the four-barrel 12.7 mm gun in the nose. A small production series of 25 built at Rostov, entering service in 1989. The production was curtailed by ammunition feed problems. One VP flew with the Mi-28-type Delta H tail rotor.
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Mi-24VU Hind-E:
No dedicated trainer version of the Mi-24V was produced by the OKB or factories for the Russian or former Soviet Army. India uses a small number of these trainer versions (possibly locally converted) with the gun turret removed and faired over, and with dual controls and instruments for the instructor in the front roosterpit. Mi-24VU, Mi-25VU and Mi-35U designations may be unofficial, even in India.
Indian Mi-24VU "Hind-E" (Mi-24V trainer)
Mi-24P Hind-F:
(Izdelie 243) The development was started in 1974, with about 620 built between 1981-89, first shown in service in 1982 photographs. The P of the designation refers to pushka: cannon. As the Mi-24V, but the nose gun turret replaced by a GSh-30K twin-barrel 30 mm gun (with 750 rounds) in a semi-cylindrical pack on the starboard side of the nose. The bottom of the nose smoothly faired above and forward of the sensors. The alternative Mi-24G has a gun on the starboard side.
Mil Mi-24P "Hind-F"
Mi-24RKhR Hind-G1:
(Izdelie 2462) Also referred to as Mi-24R. A dedicated NBC reconnaissance aircraft to replace the Mi-8VD. RKhR = dlya Radiatseeonno-Khimeccheskoi Razvedki (NBC reconnaissance). Identified at Chernobyl after the April 1986 accident at the nuclear power station. No undernose electro-optical and RF missile guidance pods, strike camera deleted, but the pylons for underwing stores were retained: instead of the wingtip weapon mounts, it has “clutching hand” excavator mechanisms on lengthened pylons, to obtain six soil samples per sortie, for NBC (nuclear/biological/chemical) warfare analysis. Air samples sucked in via a pipe on the port side, forward of the doors exhausting through a horizontal slit above. Datalink to pass the findings to groundstations. Lozenge-shape housing with an exhaust pipe of the air filtering system under the port side of the cabin. A bubble window on the starboard side of the main cabin. A small rearward-firing marker flag/flare pack on the tailskid. The crew of four wear NBC suits. It was deployed six per helicopter regiment throughout the Russian Federation and Associated States (CIS) ground forces. There were about 152 built between 1983-89.
Mil Mi-24R/RKhR/RCh "Hind-G1"
Mi-24RA Hind-G1 Mod:
(Izdelie 2462 or 2463) A new series of conversions from the Mi-24V. It retained it’s strike camera in the wingroot and lacked the wingtip excavators, Sometimes seen with a pod on the port station. The crew reduced to three with improved (presumably automated) processing and data transfer. It probably had a slightly different and more specialised role: There was only one known in the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany, for example.
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Mi-24K Hind-G2:
(Izdelie 201) The K in the designation stands for korrektirovchik: corrector. A dedicated artillery spotter/fire correction aircraft to replace the Mi-8TARK. As the Mi-24R, but with a large A87P or AFA-100 camera in the cabin, with a f8/1,300 mm lens on starboard side. Six per helicopter regiment for reconnaissance and artillery fire correction. The gun and B-8V-20 rocket pods were retained. No target designator pod under nose. An upward-hinging cover for the IRIS wide-angle IR and optical sensor system. Rita reconnaissance and spotting system with optical target identification, computer and data processor. There were about 163 built between 1983-1989.
Mil Mi-24K "Hind-G2"
Mi-24RR:
Derivative of Mi-24R for radiation reconnaissance.
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Mi-24BMT:
(Izdelie 248) A few modified in 1973 for minesweeping.
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Mi-24VN Hind-E:
(Mi-35O "Hind-E") An interim night-attack version based on a conversion of the Mi-24V in Mi-24VM Stage 1 configuration. roosterpit and external lights compatible with Geo-ONV-1 NVGs and with the new RPKB navigation/fire-control system. May also feature GOES-320 gyrostabilised sensor turret containing Sony EVI331 TV and Agema THV1000 FLIR sensors (for navigation/surveillance, not targeting) or a similar GOES-342 turret with a targeting function for the 9M120 (AT-12) ATMs. Some reports suggest that Mi-24VNs were to be used by Experimental Combat Group in Chechnya. A similar upgrade configuration, with A737 GPS and using two MFI-68 roosterpit displays for the pilot (one replacing the S-17V gunsight, one functioning as a colour LCD terrain map), and an MFPU console for the gunner, has been prepared for an unnamed customer. Performance generally as for Mi-24V/Mi-24P.
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Mil Mi-24VM
1998
www.aviastar.org/helicopters_eng/mi-24vm.php
Thirty years ago, the Mi-24 helicopter, developed in compliance with the ideas of General Designer Mikhail Mil, has taken off for the first time. Over these three decades the helicopter has gone through many flashpoints and the legendary Mi-24 has been designated the flying infantry combat vehicle not without reason. However, thirty years is a long life for a combat helicopter. Therefore, in early March the Mil Experimental Design Bureau demonstrated a fundamentally modernized derivative, designated the Mi-24VM (Mi-35M), of the Mi-24 helicopter that has made a perfect showing under complicated combat conditions. The conspicuous features of the modernization, offered by the Mil Design Bureau, consist in modular updating of the Mi-24. In this case, any module (unit) can be individually modernized in accordance with the customer's request and financial potentialities.
Installation of a new main rotor provided with blades made of glass fiber plastics, a hub furnished with elastolar bearings, and an X-shaped tail rotor developed for the Mi-28N helicopter, makes it possible to decrease the mass of the flying machine, increase its hovering ceiling and rate of climb, and improve its overall operating characteristics and invulnerability.
In modernizing the airframe, armament system and communications facilities, the Mil Design Bureau offers to install a shortened wing and nonretractable landing gear and retrofit the hydraulic system. In addition to this, the client may wish to replace a number of equipment components, as well as install new bomb racks, missile launchers, and radio set.
The primary emphasis has been placed on an increase of weapon effectiveness. The Ataka air-to-ground guided missiles (ammunition establishment has been increased up to 16 missiles) have been introduced into the helicopter's armament system. The missiles can also be used against air targets similar to the Igla-V guided missiles. The 12.7mm machine-gun mount has been replaced by a 23mm aircraft cannon. The most up-to-date BVK-24 computer and a laser range finder have been introduced into the heliborne equipment. A modernization program on this scale makes it possible to increase the accuracy against a single target 1.5 times, while increasing the kill zone 2 to 2.5 times when delivering cannon fire. The combat effectiveness of employing the guided missiles increases twofold on average.
The modernization will ensure the helicopter's round-the-clock combat readiness. The use of night-vision goggles with flight information displayed in the field of view, and equipping the helicopter with an optronic fire-control station comprising of thermal imaging and TV channels, control channel, and laser range finder, as well as display systems, enables the crew to detect and recognize targets at night and employ the heliborne weapons both by day and night.
It should be pointed out that this modernization program will prolong the service life of the Mi-24, designed thirty years ago, until the years of 2015 - 2020, and essentially increase the overhaul period of the helicopter and its accessories.
--"Military Parade"
Mi-24VM: Proposed upgrade first shown in model form at Moscow Air Show '95.
Technical data for Mi-24VM
Crew: 2-3, rotor diameter: 17.20m, fuselage length with a gun: 18.57m, height: 4.39m, take-off weight: 10800-11500kg, empty weight: 8090kg, max speed: 310km/h, cruising speed: 260km/h, service ceiling: 5700m, hovering ceiling: 3100m, range: 500km, fuel: 2050l, armament: 23mm cannon, 4 x "Ataka" anti-tank missiles, 2 x "Igla" anti-aircraft missiles, 40 x 80mm rockets
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Mi-24PN:
Preliminary tests reportedly under way in mid-2000. Presumed to be a 30 mm cannon-armed "Hind-F" upgraded with Geofizika FLIR, new laser range-finder, mission computer and NVG-compatible roosterpit. Possibly equivalent to Mi-24VN.
Mil Mi-24PN
Mi-24PS:
Patrul'nospasatelny: patrol/rescue. A transport/law enforcement/SAR variant for the Russian Ministry of the Interior. Production or series conversion status unknown. The first prototype was converted from a Mi-24P, retaining it’s 30 mm cannon and wing endplate pylons. The undernose LLTV/FLIR was replaced by a downward-pointing loudspeaker group and the ATGM guidance antenna by a FPP-7 searchlight. The nose was cut away to allow the installation of a weather radar and EO turret. LPG-4 winch (120 kg or 264 lb capacity) installed aft of the starboard cabin door, grab rails, foot rests and rappel attachment points around the sides of the doors. Four of a six-man squad carried can rappel from the aircraft simultaneously. Satellite communications, secure encrypted voice radios and special police-band radios. Second prototype similar (albeit painted white, with blue cheatlines and Militia titles) but that was converted from a Mi-24V, with the USPU-24 turret replaced by a FLIR ball. Marketed as Mi-35PS for export.
Mil Mi-24PS
Mi-24 Ecological Survey Version:
Modification by the Polyot industrial research organisation, to assess oil pollution on water and seasonal changes of water level. It was first seen in 1991 with a large flat sensor “tongue” projecting from the nose in place of the gun turret, a large rectangular sensor pod on the outer starboard underwing pylon and an unidentified modification replaces the rear cabin window on the starboard side.
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Mi-25:
Export Mi-24D, including those for Afghanistan, Angola, Cuba, India and Peru. Also Mi-35D.
Mil Mi-25
Mi-35:
Export Mi-24V also known as Mi-25V.
Mil Mi-35
Mi-35P:
Export Mi-24P.
Mi-35M:
Upgraded night-capable version of the Mi-24/35. It is the export counterpart of the Mi-24M. It was designed to meet the latest air mobility requirements of the Russian Army. Features include Mi-28 main and tail rotors and transmission. 1,636 kW (2,194 shp) Klimov TV3-117VMA engines. New avionics, a reduced empty weight resulting from a new titanium main rotor head, composites rotor blades, shortened stub-wings and non-retractable landing gear. A 23 mm GSh-23-2 twin-barrel gun in a nose turret, with 470 rounds, up to 16 radio-guided 9M114 (AT-6 ‘Spiral”), or laser-guided 9M-120 anti-tank, 9M-120F blast fragmentation or 9A-220 air-to-air versions of Ataka (AT-12) missile or a range of armament options including GUV gun/grenade pods, UPK-23-250 gun pods, B-8V-20A and B-13L rocket pods, S-24B rockets and KMGU pods of anti-armour and anti-personnel mines. The Night Operation Capable Avionics System (NOCAS) by Sextant Avionique and Thomson-TTD Optronic integrates a Chlio FLIR ball with a TMM-1410 display, providing night vision for target acquisition and identification, missile guidance and gun aiming. Other equipment includes a VH-100 HUD, NVGs, liquid-crystal MFD, Nadir 10 mission management and navigation system, laser-gyro INS and GPS. The FLIR ball is mounted outboard of the standard missile guidance pod. Ability to carry Igla V air-to-air missiles is optional. The non-flying demonstrator was first displayed at the 1995 Paris Air Show.
Mil Mi-35M
Mi-35M2:
The Venezuelan Army ordered and received this version mid 2006. No details known yet, but it is expected to be a minor update to the Mi-35M.
Possibly, the Mi-35M2
ATE 'Super Hind':
Upgrade configuration proposed by South Africa's Advanced Technologies and Engineering. Derived from Denel/Kentron PZL W-3WB Huzar upgrade. Extended nose in front of roosterpit with undernose Kentron IR/EO sight and 20mm chain gun, cheek fairing to port for ammunition feed, designator, improved displays, new night vision systems and provision for Denel/Kentron Ingwe or Mokopa ATMs. Prototype ZU-BOI rolled out at Grand Central Airport, Midrand, by 15 February 1999.
ATE "'Super Hind" Mk.3
Tamam Mi-24 HMOSP:
Israeli upgrade configuration. US$20 million contract placed for upgrade of 25 (possibly Indian) Mi-24s based on existing Helicopter Multimission Optronic Stabilised Payload System, with TV, FLIR and automatic target tracker, integrated with helmet sight, digital moving map, integrated DASS and a new mission planning system. roosterpits can be reorganised to put pilot in front, weapon operator in rear.
HMOSP upgrade for Mi-24
Hollywood Mi-24A "Hind-A":
A few of these Mi-24s were made from Aerospatiale SA.330 Puma helicopters for use in Hollywood films, such as "Rambo: First Blood Part 2", "Rambo 3", "Red Dawn", and "The Marine". The ones in "Red Dawn" had re-designed roosterpits to resemble the fully glazed canopy and gun system of the early production Mi-24 models.
Puma Mi-24 used in the film "Rambo 3"
Converted Puma helicopter as Mi-24A in "Red Dawn"
Mi-24 Target Drone:
One of these Mi-24s is a modified Sikorsky S-55 helicopter with external add-on pieces to make it resemble the Mil Mi-24P "'Hind-F". Another is a Brantly-Hynes model that is fully RC. Both are used as target drones and training aids for the United States Army.
Sikorsky S-55 as fake Mi-24P "Hind-F"
Brantly-Hynes H-5T target drone
Mi-28 Early Mockup:
One Mi-24D was fitted with the Mi-28's nose sensor mount to act as an early technology testbed for the Mi-28.
Mil Mi-24D fitted with the Mi-28's radome mount
